This essay aims at creating a link, in a relationship of pedagogical dependance, between literature and music, thus introducing a new paradigm, a sort of artistic meta-language, able to “catch” childhood recovering the most hidden fields and the most essential psychological traits of this dimension. We have examined, on the basis of a consolidated experience in both fields, the relationship between these two forms of art, also using an interdisciplinary approach. As concerns the task of divulgation as well as that of the aesthetic analysis, the formula of lecture-concert has been adopted, as it is an excellent tool of compromise between the artistic performance and the didactic communication, being situated on a thin border between these two forms of art, that are among the highest forms of art, but traditionally (and unfortunately) separated by theoretical as well as practical barriers. In terms of content our proposal is based on a very specific artistic and literary contextualization as it takes, as subject focus of the present research, a composer lived in the 19th century, the so-called Romantic Age. This composer., during the period of his professional training as well as that of his subsequent musical production, has made all efforts aiming at uniting these two different forms of art, transforming this matter as the central one of his activity. The result is, on the one hand, the creation of a very original and valid effect, never experienced before, a unique mixture of music and literature (which constitutes the prelude to the fertile period of the Poema Sinfonico). On the other hand the urgent necessity of returning to a childish vision of reality, able to catch reflections, feelings, emotions and sensations of this enchanted phase of human life. Schumann aesthetically analyses the childish dimension transforming himself into a sort of musical storyteller, able to portray a full vision of the childhood experience, starting from the subtle psychological traits of children up to the complete intersection of this dimension with the musical notes, considered carriers of the same factors. The result is the transposition in music of the characters and the narrations belonging to the great children literature. In this regard we examine (and listen to) three collections of this great German composer, during a decade, which – starting from the description of the childish universe – as it is contained in literary works of high literary standards (ETA Hoffman) – give us a full new vision of this dimension, concerning children of all ages, complete in its artistic, pedagogical as well as literary aspects. The two piano compositions of 1838, Kinderzenen op. 15 and Kreisleriana op. 16, show on the one hand, the ability to catch the essence of the childish psychology and that of the marvelous tales, and, on the other, the possibility, through the art of music, to broaden the narrative possibilities of literature, enhancing the emotional atmosphere and transposing into sounds the essence of characters, facts and internal events. The climax of this kind of production is reached by Schumann with his Album for youth, a collection having didactic purposes, in which the composer harmonizes, in an inseparable relationship, the pedagogical, artistic and literary aspects. Thanks to this relationship it is possible to catch the primary “sense” of childhood, in the childish simplicity of sounds and gasps. The final result is the musical representation of the children literature, as in pieces like Sheherazade and Mignon, which can be considered the innovative models to identify a new paradigm being able to keep together literature, music and childhood in a successful way.
Lo scopo del saggio è quello di mettere in stretta correlazione – e in un rapporto di “pedagogica dipendenza” – la letteratura e la musica, introducendo un nuovo paradigma – sorta di metalinguaggio artistico – capace di “intercettare” l’infanzia, recuperarne le pieghe più nascoste e le cifre psicologiche più essenziali. Il rapporto tra le due arti si basa, sul piano scientifico della ricerca, su un tragitto di consolidata esperienza che sta vedendo un soddisfacente avanzamento di carattere interdisciplinare; sul piano della divulgazione e della possibilità di approfondimento estetico, invece, punta sulla modalità di comunicazione affidata alla formula della lezione-concerto, evento a metà strada tra performance artistica e comunicazione didattica, capace quindi di convogliare, su un sottile asse di confine tra le arti, campi di sapere e potenziali fruitori che, tradizionalmente (e purtroppo), sono separati dagli invisibili steccati teorici ed esperienziali che dividono due tra le più elevate forme di espressione esistenti. In termini contenutistici, la proposta parte da una contestualizzazione storico-artistico-letteraria ben precisa poiché prende, come soggetto fulcro del discorso, un compositore che, durante l’Ottocento romantico, ha posto al centro della sua formazione musicale e della conseguente produzione compositiva entrambi gli elementi che consentono di individuare una innovativa relazione triadica: da un lato l’esigenza di “narrare” attraverso l’arte dei suoni, operando così, mediante mirabili “trasposizioni d’arte” e un’efficacia senza precedenti, una sovrapposizione ed una interscambiabilità tra letteratura e musica tali da preludere al fecondo periodo del Poema sinfonico; dall’altro una incessante, costante necessità di “ritornare artisticamente” alla visione fanciulla delle cose, cogliendo riverberi, sentimenti, sensazioni ed emozioni della regione incantata del vivere. Schumann ripercorre esteticamente l’infanzia, e lo fa da narratore musicale capace di una visione riepilogativa che va dalla sottile descrizione psicologica fino alla intersezione completa di tutti i vettori che in queste note si inseguono, con la trasposizione in musica di sagome e narrazioni della grande letteratura per l’infanzia. A tal proposito si prendono in considerazione (e in ascolto), del compositore tedesco, tre raccolte che attraversano un decennio e che, partendo dalla rappresentazione dell’infanzia in una dimensione di evanescente racconto, attraversano opere letterarie di elevatissima derivazione (E.T.A. Hoffmann), e giungono a “compimento” in una visione di condivisione artistica, pedagogica e letteraria interamente riferita all’infanzia di ogni tempo. Le due composizioni pianistiche del 1838, Kinderszenen op. 15 e Kreisleriana op. 16, testimoniano, da un lato, la possibilità di cogliere l’essenza piena della psicologia fanciulla e del racconto meraviglioso del vissuto infantile; dall’altro la capacità, della musica, di ampliare lo spettro narrativo della letteratura, potenziandone i “climi emotivi” e trasponendo in suono l’essenza contenutistica di personaggi, vicende e accadimenti interiori. Il tutto si “compie”, e completa, nel 1848, quando con l’Album per la gioventù Schumann riesce a sintetizzare, in una raccolta di impianto didattico, una inscindibile relazione pedagogica, artistica, letteraria ed estetica capace di cogliere il “senso” primo dell’infanzia, nella semplicità bambina di suoni e sussulti, fino a giungere alla rappresentazione musicale della letteratura prossima alla fanciullezza grazie a piccoli brani – come Sheherazade e Mignon – che si rivelano nuovi modelli nell’individuazione di un paradigma in grado di tenere felicemente insieme letteratura, musica e infanzia.
Robert Schumann tra letteratura, musica e infanzia. I “contorni” letterari e pedagogici della narrazione musicale dell’Ottocento
ACONE, LEONARDO
2016-01-01
Abstract
This essay aims at creating a link, in a relationship of pedagogical dependance, between literature and music, thus introducing a new paradigm, a sort of artistic meta-language, able to “catch” childhood recovering the most hidden fields and the most essential psychological traits of this dimension. We have examined, on the basis of a consolidated experience in both fields, the relationship between these two forms of art, also using an interdisciplinary approach. As concerns the task of divulgation as well as that of the aesthetic analysis, the formula of lecture-concert has been adopted, as it is an excellent tool of compromise between the artistic performance and the didactic communication, being situated on a thin border between these two forms of art, that are among the highest forms of art, but traditionally (and unfortunately) separated by theoretical as well as practical barriers. In terms of content our proposal is based on a very specific artistic and literary contextualization as it takes, as subject focus of the present research, a composer lived in the 19th century, the so-called Romantic Age. This composer., during the period of his professional training as well as that of his subsequent musical production, has made all efforts aiming at uniting these two different forms of art, transforming this matter as the central one of his activity. The result is, on the one hand, the creation of a very original and valid effect, never experienced before, a unique mixture of music and literature (which constitutes the prelude to the fertile period of the Poema Sinfonico). On the other hand the urgent necessity of returning to a childish vision of reality, able to catch reflections, feelings, emotions and sensations of this enchanted phase of human life. Schumann aesthetically analyses the childish dimension transforming himself into a sort of musical storyteller, able to portray a full vision of the childhood experience, starting from the subtle psychological traits of children up to the complete intersection of this dimension with the musical notes, considered carriers of the same factors. The result is the transposition in music of the characters and the narrations belonging to the great children literature. In this regard we examine (and listen to) three collections of this great German composer, during a decade, which – starting from the description of the childish universe – as it is contained in literary works of high literary standards (ETA Hoffman) – give us a full new vision of this dimension, concerning children of all ages, complete in its artistic, pedagogical as well as literary aspects. The two piano compositions of 1838, Kinderzenen op. 15 and Kreisleriana op. 16, show on the one hand, the ability to catch the essence of the childish psychology and that of the marvelous tales, and, on the other, the possibility, through the art of music, to broaden the narrative possibilities of literature, enhancing the emotional atmosphere and transposing into sounds the essence of characters, facts and internal events. The climax of this kind of production is reached by Schumann with his Album for youth, a collection having didactic purposes, in which the composer harmonizes, in an inseparable relationship, the pedagogical, artistic and literary aspects. Thanks to this relationship it is possible to catch the primary “sense” of childhood, in the childish simplicity of sounds and gasps. The final result is the musical representation of the children literature, as in pieces like Sheherazade and Mignon, which can be considered the innovative models to identify a new paradigm being able to keep together literature, music and childhood in a successful way.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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