Based on the accepted etymology and within a grammaticalisation framework, the Germanic reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European anaphoric pronoun *tód are believed to have diachronically acquired the functions of demonstrative pronoun, determiner, relative pronoun, argumental complementiser, and consecutive conjunction. According to the empirical data gathered from an extensive Early Germanic linguistic corpus created specifically for this study and considering cross-linguistic evidence especially from Latin, this paper suggests that the Germanic reflexes of *tód – which initially functioned as demonstrative pronouns – became determiners when followed by a noun and were directly reanalysed into argumental complementisers through a dipthyque inverse construction. In turn, the argumental complementiser was then reanalysed by extension into a consecutive conjunction in consecutive contexts, and into a relative d-Pronomen in the presence of an antecedent.
Secondo l’etimologia generalmente riconosciuta e nel contesto della grammaticalizza-zione, si ritiene che, nel corso del tempo, i riflessi germanici del pronome anaforico pro-toindoeuropeo *tód abbiano assunto le funzioni di pronome dimostrativo, determinato-re, pronome relativo, complementatore argomentale e congiunzione consecutiva. Sulla base dei dati empirici raccolti attraverso un corpus linguistico creato ad hoc relativo alle fasi più antiche delle lingue germaniche e alla luce di evidenze cross-linguistiche prove-nienti specialmente dal latino, questo articolo propone che i riflessi germanici di *tód, che inizialmente fungevano da pronomi dimostrativi, siano diventati determinatori lad-dove seguiti da un sostantivo e siano stati poi direttamente rianalizzati in complemen-tatori argomentali attraverso la struttura del dittico inverso. L’argomentale, a sua volta, sarebbe stato successivamente rianalizzato per estensione in congiunzione consecutiva in contesti consecutivi e in pronome relativo improprio in presenza di antecedente.
Grammaticalisation paths of the Proto-Indo-European anaphoric pronoun *tód across the Germanic languages
Cristina Resmini
2024-01-01
Abstract
Based on the accepted etymology and within a grammaticalisation framework, the Germanic reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European anaphoric pronoun *tód are believed to have diachronically acquired the functions of demonstrative pronoun, determiner, relative pronoun, argumental complementiser, and consecutive conjunction. According to the empirical data gathered from an extensive Early Germanic linguistic corpus created specifically for this study and considering cross-linguistic evidence especially from Latin, this paper suggests that the Germanic reflexes of *tód – which initially functioned as demonstrative pronouns – became determiners when followed by a noun and were directly reanalysed into argumental complementisers through a dipthyque inverse construction. In turn, the argumental complementiser was then reanalysed by extension into a consecutive conjunction in consecutive contexts, and into a relative d-Pronomen in the presence of an antecedent.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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