This essay by Diego Lazzarich examines the re-emergence of the concept of war in Western political and intellectual discourse, asking whether this return signals the advent of a new “threshold epoch” or “saddle period.” Drawing methodologically on Reinhart Koselleck’s conceptual history (Begriffsgeschichte) and the approaches developed by Skinner and Pocock within the Cambridge School, the author traces the semantic evolution of war from the beginning of modernity to the present day. The study shows how political modernity initially sought to bring conflict under state control and rationalize it, before war underwent a profound process of ideologization and democratization beginning with the French Revolution. During the twentieth century, the discourse of war shifted from the glorification of conflict in the first half of the century to the Cold War’s “peace of terror,” characterized by thermonuclear deterrence. The 1990s subsequently witnessed both the depoliticization and the expansion of war’s semantic field through concepts such as “humanitarian wars” and “surgical interventions,” while the post-9/11 period introduced the enduring paradigm of security and the “global war on terror.” The analysis concludes by focusing on the period following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The author documents how, particularly during 2025, prominent Western political and military figures revived an explicitly bellicose language traditionally associated with ideas of sacrifice, suffering, and popular mobilization. Key examples include Donald Trump’s restoration of the historic name “Department of War” in the United States and major policy speeches by NATO’s political and military leaders and by senior officials in several European countries. The essay concludes that the word “war” is becoming a fundamental concept capable of articulating the complex wealth of meanings and experiences that characterize our time, marking the transition to a new epoch in which political spaces are being redefined.
Questo saggio di Diego Lazzarich analizza la riemersione del concetto di guerra nel discorso politico e intellettuale occidentale, indagando se questo ritorno segnali l'irrompere di una nuova "epoca-crinale" o "epoca-sella". Utilizzando come impianto metodologico la storia concettuale (Begriffsgeschichte) di Reinhart Koselleck e gli approcci della Scuola di Cambridge di Skinner e Pocock, l'autore traccia l'evoluzione semantica della guerra dall'inizio della modernità fino ai giorni nostri. Lo studio evidenzia come la modernità politica abbia inizialmente cercato di statalizzare e razionalizzare il conflitto, per poi subire una profonda ideologizzazione e democratizzazione a partire dalla Rivoluzione Francese. Nel corso del Novecento, il discorso sulla guerra è passato da un'apologia del conflitto nella prima metà del secolo alla "pace del terrore" della Guerra Fredda, caratterizzata dal deterrente termonucleare. Successivamente, gli anni Novanta hanno visto la depoliticizzazione e l'allargamento del campo semantico della guerra tramite concetti come "guerre umanitarie" o "interventi chirurgici", mentre il post-11 settembre ha introdotto il paradigma permanente della sicurezza e della "guerra globale al terrore". L'analisi si concentra infine sul periodo successivo all'invasione russa dell'Ucraina nel 2022. L'autore documenta come, in particolare nel corso del 2025, esponenti politici e militari occidentali di primo piano abbiano recuperato una semantica bellica esplicita e tradizionalmente associata alle idee di sacrificio, sofferenza e mobilitazione della popolazione. Tra gli esempi chiave analizzati figurano il ripristino del nome storico di "Dipartimento della Guerra" negli Stati Uniti voluto da Donald Trump e i discorsi programmatici dei vertici politici e militari della NATO e di vari paesi europei. Il saggio conclude che la parola "guerra" si sta trasformando in un concetto fondamentale in grado di esprimere la complessa ricchezza di significati ed esperienze del nostro tempo, sancendo il passaggio a una nuova epoca di ridefinizione degli spazi politici.
Orizzonti di crisi: il ritorno della guerra nel discorso politico occidentale
Lazzarich
2026-01-01
Abstract
This essay by Diego Lazzarich examines the re-emergence of the concept of war in Western political and intellectual discourse, asking whether this return signals the advent of a new “threshold epoch” or “saddle period.” Drawing methodologically on Reinhart Koselleck’s conceptual history (Begriffsgeschichte) and the approaches developed by Skinner and Pocock within the Cambridge School, the author traces the semantic evolution of war from the beginning of modernity to the present day. The study shows how political modernity initially sought to bring conflict under state control and rationalize it, before war underwent a profound process of ideologization and democratization beginning with the French Revolution. During the twentieth century, the discourse of war shifted from the glorification of conflict in the first half of the century to the Cold War’s “peace of terror,” characterized by thermonuclear deterrence. The 1990s subsequently witnessed both the depoliticization and the expansion of war’s semantic field through concepts such as “humanitarian wars” and “surgical interventions,” while the post-9/11 period introduced the enduring paradigm of security and the “global war on terror.” The analysis concludes by focusing on the period following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The author documents how, particularly during 2025, prominent Western political and military figures revived an explicitly bellicose language traditionally associated with ideas of sacrifice, suffering, and popular mobilization. Key examples include Donald Trump’s restoration of the historic name “Department of War” in the United States and major policy speeches by NATO’s political and military leaders and by senior officials in several European countries. The essay concludes that the word “war” is becoming a fundamental concept capable of articulating the complex wealth of meanings and experiences that characterize our time, marking the transition to a new epoch in which political spaces are being redefined.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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