Leftists and Sadrists in post-2003 Iraq: the rise of a protest movement and the challenge of developing a popular base

From the 1960s to the 2010s, the Middle East and North Africa were traversed by a dense web of radical encounters between Islamist and leftist movements, far more intricate than the familiar “Islam versus Marxism” clash evoked in much of the literature. Behind ideological antagonism and mutual campaigns of delegitimization, this volume uncovers tactical alliances, biographical conversions, and hybridizations of languages and symbols – from Shia processions shared by communists in Najaf and South Lebanon to antiwar and prodemocracy convergences in Egypt, Tunisia, Palestine, and Iraq. Drawing on case studies that move from the Maghreb to Iran and from universities to rural communities, the book develops an original typology of cooperation and conflict, restoring the historical depth of relations that have redrawn the boundary between the “secular” and the “religious” and continue to shape oppositional politics in the contemporary Middle East.